Local perceptions of epidemics in Ethiopia: The case of the Bayso people of Gidicho Island, Southern Ethiopia

Abstract

Local perceptions of health and disease significantly impact the health systems of rural communities by influencing health behaviors and treatment choices. This study examines the Bayso people's conceptions of health and disease, as well as the etiologies and healing mechanisms of epidemics, drawing on their local knowledge and resources. Ethnographic data from interviews, focus groups and observations reveal that most Bayso individuals believe health is a gift from supernatural forces and disease is a punishment for violation of the will of these forces and sociocultural factors. While some elderly Bayso remain committed to their traditional health system, the majority have recently experienced a shift in their perceptions of health and disease. This change is attributed to several factors, including the decline of their indigenous belief system, the expansion of modern education and urban lifestyles, the role of health extension workers, environmental degradation and the resulting loss of local resources, such as herbs and animal products vital for healing