Documentation of wild edible ethnomedicinal fruits in the Chamba region of Garhwal Himalaya, India

Abstract

This study investigates the traditional knowledge of Wild Edible Fruits (WEFs), and its ethnomedicinal uses in the Chamba region of Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India. The field survey was conducted from January to July 2024, and it highlights the importance of these fruits in the local culture, socioeconomic and their potential health benefits. The present study documented the 32 plant species from 27 genera and 19 families, showcasing the region's rich biodiversity of wild edible plants. The study area, characterized by its challenging geography and climate, supports a diverse range of WEFs, which are integral to the local diet and traditional medicine. These fruits, prized for their nutritional value and unique flavours, are consumed raw or used in various forms to treat ailments such as diabetes, digestive issues, and arthritis. The research underscores the significance of WEFs in maintaining traditional knowledge and supporting the livelihoods of local communities. The study observed that habitat loss, overharvesting, and policy gaps are serious threats to wild edible fruits (WEFs). It calls for the integration of WEFs into broader food systems and promoting sustainable use practices to protect the species and their habitats. The study documents the traditional uses and benefits of WEFs to strengthen conservation efforts and preserve their rich medicinal and cultural heritage for future generations.